OGD was achieved by exposingthe cells to glucose-free DMEM and placing the 2 Methoxyestradiol cells in an anaerobic chamber flushed with 5% CO_2and 95% N_2 (v/v) at 37 ℃ for 1 hour.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: TTC staining

was used to measure infarct volume 7 days afterphotothrombotic stroke. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT kit. Opening of the mitochondrialpermeability transition pore, intracellular concentration of superoxide anion, and calcium after OGDwere detected with fluorescence intensity of calcein-AM, hydroethidine, and fluo-3/AM.RESULTS: At 7 days after stroke, total infarct volume and cortical infarct volume were significantlygreater in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice compared with the wildtype littermates mice (P < 0.01). Aβ,OGD, and

Aβ + OGD significantly decreased cell viability and increased fluorescence intensity ofhydroethidine and fluo-3/AM (P < 0.01 许多 ). Compared with the Aβ or OGD group, Aβ + OGDsignificantly decreased cell viability (P < 0.01) and significantly increased fluorescence intensity ofcalcein-AM, hydroethidine, and fluo-3/AM (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice were more vulnerable to ischemia. Thepossible mechanisms included enhanced opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore,overproduction of superoxide anion due to pore opening, and disturbed calcium homeostasisinduced by excess superoxide anion.
目的:探讨GSK3β在失代偿期肝硬化患者中感染早期炎症因子过表达中的作用及其机制。方法:分离失代偿期肝硬化患者与对照组的PBMCs,给予/不给予GSK3β抑制剂SB216763,同时使用LPS刺激,使用ELISA检测细胞上清液TNF-α、IL-6、IL-12的含量,使用Western blot检测细胞裂解液中p-GSK3β的表达情况。结果:LPS刺激肝硬化组PBMCs之后,可以产生过量的前炎症因子如TNF-α、IL-6、IL-12。GSK3β抑制剂SB216763抑制肝硬化组PBMCs的IL-12、TNF-α、IL-6的产生;LPS刺激肝硬化组患者PBMCs、GSK3β的磷酸化程度较对照组明显减低。结论:肝硬化患者PBMCs在LPS的刺激下,可以产生过量的前炎症因子如TNF-α、IL-6、IL-12,这是由于肝硬化患者中GSKβ的磷酸化减低,进而导致其活性增强而造成的;同时,肝硬化患者炎症细胞因子的过量产生,仍然可以被GSK3β的抑制剂所抑制。
目的探讨GSK-3β对小鼠骨髓树突状细胞(BMDC)成熟和功能的调控作用。方法脂多糖催熟BMDC,Western 购买Ponatinib blotting检测刺激前后糖原合成酶激酶-3β(GSK-3β)的磷酸化水平的改变;利用GSK-3β的选择性抑制剂SB216763处理BMDC,检测表型、细胞因子表达和混合淋巴反应(MLR)的变化情况;构建过表达小鼠GSK-3β的慢病毒载体并转染DC2.4细胞,Western blotting检测过表达GSK-3β对调控树突状细胞(DC)成熟的关键调控因子鸟的网状内皮组织增生病毒癌基因相关B(Rel B)蛋白水平的影响。结果经脂多糖处理后,GSK-3βY216磷酸化水平下调,Ser9磷酸化水平显著上调,表明GSK-3β的活性显著下降。抑制GSK-3β的活性能上调DC表面共刺激分子CD40和CD86的表达,削弱脂多糖诱导的促炎细胞因子IL-6和IL-12表达上调,而对抗炎细胞因子IL-10的表达有促进作用,同时降低脂多糖诱导成熟的DC刺激同种异基因T细胞增殖的能力。在未成熟的DC2.4细胞中,过表达GSK-3β能够下调Rel

B的水平。结论 GSK-3β参与调控DC的成熟和功能,高活性的GSK-3β抑制未成熟树突状细胞(i DC)的自发性成熟,GSK-3β失活后促进DC表型的成熟,而在脂多糖诱导DC分化的过程中GSK-3β发挥促炎作用。GSK-3β能够下调Rel B的蛋白水平,有望成为构建新型耐受性DC的新靶点。
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although recent therapeutic developments for patients with pancreatic cancer have provided survival benefits, the outcomes for patients with pancreatic cancer remain unsatisfactory. Molecularly targeted cancer therapy has advanced in the past decade with the use of a number of pathways as candidates of therapeutic targets.